This paper analyzes the supply-demand situation and external dependence of China's lithium resource from resource, mining, production, consumption structure and consuming quantity, and foresees the future supply-demand situation. China's internal supply of lithium resource cannot meet needs in the future with an external dependence up to 70%, resource deficiency still exists. As new-energy vehicles industry grows, demand for lithium will be soaring, but limited by a poor internal supply capacity. This paper presents suggestions on intensifying internal exploration and raising internal supply, encouraging Chinese investors to invest in south America's quality saline lithium resource, improving comprehensive use level, and boosting recycling lithium batteries.